Chronic Venous Insufficiency (CVI) - Center for Advanced Cardiac and Vascular Interventions

Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI), aka venous reflux disease, is a condition that occurs when the venous wall and/or valves in the leg veins are not working effectively, making it difficult for blood to return to the heart from the legs.

Surgical treatment of deep venous insufficiency and requirements for novel interventions - JVS-Vascular Insights: An Open Access Publication from the Society for Vascular Surgery

Advanced lipodermatosclerosis characterized by an inverted champagne

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Chronic venous insufficiency - Wikipedia

Cureus, Chronic Venous Insufficiency and Lymphedema With Papillomatosis Cutis Lymphostatica, Hyperkeratosis, and Skin Ulcers: A Case Report

Phlebolymphedema: is it a new concept? - Servier - PhlebolymphologyServier – Phlebolymphology

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Care for Nurses with Chronic Venous Insufficiency

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Chronic Venous Insufficiency (CVI)

Cureus, COVID-19: Its Impact on Delayed Management of Pre-established Chronic Conditions

Vascular & Endovascular Surgery - Chronic Venous Insufficiency