XRD patterns of (a) Neat MMT, (b) Neat L-malic acid, (c) Neat

SEM images of (a) pure BC, (b-d) MMT/L-M-A/Cur/BC hybrid nanofilms

XRD patterns of (a) Neat MMT, (b) Neat L-malic acid, (c) Neat

TGA curves of pure BC, and MMT/L-M-A/Cur/BC (2 mg, 4 mg, 6 mg

Synthesis of a novel multifunctional montmorillonite/L-malic-acid

Amylose and moisture content of the three types of studied maize

Functional properties of seaweeds S. wightii and U. rigida

TGA curves of pure BC, and MMT/L-M-A/Cur/BC (2 mg, 4 mg, 6 mg

Synthesis of a novel multifunctional montmorillonite/L-malic-acid

Friction coefficient at 0.1 mm/s as a function of swelling factor

Synthesis of a novel multifunctional montmorillonite/L-malic-acid

Functional properties of seaweeds S. wightii and U. rigida

Synthesis of a novel multifunctional montmorillonite/L-malic-acid

Synthesis of a novel multifunctional montmorillonite/L-malic-acid

Synthesis of a novel multifunctional montmorillonite/L-malic-acid

SEM images of (a) pure BC, (b-d) MMT/L-M-A/Cur/BC hybrid nanofilms